Session 24






Language notes

In this section we will look at three very common English words: 'have', 'take' and 'bring'.  These words can cause problems when translating into Welsh, as they can have several different possible meanings or several alternative translations. 

We begin with the word 'have', which can occur in various sentence patterns.

'have' may mean 'possess', for example:
            'John has a new car'   is equivalent to: 
            'John possesses a new car'
            Mae gan John gar newydd
The word 'have' is translated as gan (north Wales) or gyda (south Wales):
       
        Mae gan y bwyty amrywiaeth ardderchog o fwyd. 
        Mae gyda'r bwyty amrywiaeth ardderchog o fwyd.  
        The restaurant has an excellent variety of food.

The word gan conjugates with pronouns, but gyda does not:  
         Mae gennych chi ganiatâd i ddefnyddio'r cyfrifiadur.          
         Mae gyda chi ganiatâd i ddefnyddio'r cyfrifiadur.
         You have permission to use the computer.

'have' may mean 'receive', for example:
           'I had a letter from the bank'    is equivalent to:
           'I received a letter from the bank'
           Ces i lythyr gan y banc
In this situation, the word 'have' is translated as a tense of the verb 'cael':

        Cafodd y teithwyr gyfarwyddiadau i fynd i'r giât fyrddio.
              The passengers had instructions to go to the boarding gate.
        Bydd y cwsmeriaid sydd â thocynnau yn cael eu harian yn ôl.
              The customers with tickets will have their money back.

'have' may mean 'get something done', for example:
         'We will have the door repaired'   is equivalent to:
         'We will get the door repaired'
         Byddwn ni'n cael atgyweirio'r drws
'cael' is again used, and is followed by a verb noun which describes the action which is taking place (without including the word 'yn') :

     Byddan nhw'n cael agor y gwesty eto erbyn adeg y Pasg.
            They will have the hotel open again by Easter.
     Byddaf yn cael eich cyfrifiadau eu gwirio gan beiriannydd.
            I will have your calculations checked by an engineer.
     Byddaf yn cael y porthor cario'ch bagiau i'ch ystafell.
            I will have the porter carry your luggage to your room.
     Bydd yr ysgol yn cael yr athrawon egluro trefniadau'r arholiad.
          The school will have the teachers explain the examination arrangements.
 
'have' may appear in the phrase 'have to..', meaning 'must', for example:
          'I have to finish the report today'  is equivalent to:
          'I must finish the report today'
          Rhaid imi orffen yr adroddiad heddiw
          Mae'n rhaid imi orffen yr adroddiad heddiw
'rhaid' is used, either on its own or with a tense of the verb 'bod'. 
           
           Bu'n rhaid i'r gerddorfa ymarfer cyn y cyngerdd.
                 The orchestra had to rehearse before the concert. 
           Bydd yn rhaid i ni redeg i ddal y trên.
                 We will have to run to catch the train.





'have' can also occur as part of a verb phrase, for example:
           'The trainers have chosen the team for the next game.'
           Mae'r hyfforddwyr wedi dewis y tîm ar gyfer y gêm nesaf.
The word 'have' is represented by wedi, indicating an event which occurred in the past.

          Maen nhw wedi anfon llythyr at eu Aelod Seneddol.
                They have sent a letter to their Member of Parliament. 
          Roedden nhw wedi bod yn aros am hanner awr cyn i'r siop agor.  
                 They had been waiting for half an hour before the shop opened.

We now consider the word 'take'.  This may firstly occur in phrases referring to periods of time:
          'The repairs to the car will take two days.'  
          Bydd yr atgyweiriadau i'r car yn cymryd dau ddiwrnod.
The word 'take' is translated as cymryd:
           
           Cymerodd y daith ar draws Ewrop dair wythnos.
                The journey across Europe took three weeks.
           Ni fydd yn cymryd munud.
                 It won't take a minute. 

'take' may have a meaning similar to 'receive' or 'accept':
            'He took the medicine before going to bed.'
            Cymerodd y moddion cyn mynd i'r gwely.    
'cymryd' is again used.  For example:

            Rhaid i chi gymryd het galed a'i gwisgo ar y safle adeiladu.
                   You must take a hard hat and wear it on the building site. 
            Mae'r siop yn cymryd taliad mewn Ewro.
                   The shop takes payment in Euros.
            Dylen ni gymryd y troad nesaf ar y chwith.
                   We should take the next turning on the left.

'take' may mean 'go with..' or 'accompany':
           'I will take the children to play in the park.'
           Byddaf yn mynd â'r plant i chwarae yn y parc.
In this case, 'take' is translated as 'mynd â'.  For example:

          Peidiwch ag anghofio mynd â chinio pecyn gyda chi.
                 Don't forget to take a packed lunch with you.
          Aeth â'r cwsmer i swyddfa'r rheolwr.
                 She took the customer to the manager's office.  

Incidentally, Welsh has a specific verb hebrwng which means 'accompany' or 'escort', for example: 
          Roedd yr athrawon yn hebrwng y plant ar draws y briffordd.
                The teachers accompanied the children across the main road. 

Finally, we examine the word 'bring'.  

'bring' follows a similar pattern to 'take' in using the verb dod plus the preposition â.  This represents the phrase 'come with...':
          
          Byddwn yn dod â bwrdd a rhai cadeiriau i'r ardd.
                 We will bring a table and some chairs into the garden.
          Cofiwch ddod â'r cynlluniau ar gyfer y llong danfor.
                 Remember to bring the plans for the submarine.



Treigladau

This is the first of two summaries of the situations in which a treiglad meddal (soft mutation) is used.  The summary is completed in the Treigladau section for Session 25. 

A treiglad meddal is applied to singular feminine nouns after the definite article ‘y’ (the).  A treiglad meddal is not applied to masculine or plural nouns after 'y':
      Cynhaliwyd yr arolwg yn y pentref, y dref a'r dinasoedd.
      The suvey was carried out in the village, the town and the cities.
                 pentref (m);  tref (f);   dinas (f);
 
As an exception to the rule, the consonants ll and rh do not take a treiglad meddal: 
       Mae'r llyfrgell wrth ymyl y rheilffordd.
       The library is next to the railway.
                 llyfrgell (f);  rheilffordd (f);

treiglad meddal is applied to feminine nouns after the number ‘un’ (one).  A treiglad meddal is not applied to masculine nouns after 'un':
        Mae gan y teulu un gath ac un ci.
        The family has one cat and one dog.
                  cath (f);  ci (m);

treiglad meddal is applied to masculine nouns after the number ‘dau’ (two) and feminine nouns after the number ‘dwy’ (two):
        Byddwch yn croesi dwy bont i gyrraedd dau bentref.
        You will cross two bridges to reach two villages.
                  pont (f);  pentref (m);

treiglad meddal is applied to both masculine and feminine nouns after the ordinal number ‘ail’ (second):
        Gwnaethon ni mynychu ail gynhadledd ar yr ail ddiwrnod.
        We attended a second conference on the second day.
                  cynhadledd (f);  diwrnod (m);

When ordinal numbers refer to feminine nouns, a treiglad meddal is applied to both both the number and the noun.  With masculine nouns, no treigladau are applied to the nouns or their ordinal numbers, except in the case of 'ail' as mentioned above:
      Harri II oedd y trydydd brenin i lywodraethu yn y ddeuddegfed ganrif.
      Henry II was the third king to rule in the twelfth century   
                 brenin (m);  canrif (f);

      Dyma'r ddegfed long i ddod i mewn i'r harbwr mewn pedwar diwrnod.
      This is the tenth ship to come into the harbour in four days.
                  llong (f);  diwrnod (m);

treiglad meddal is applied to adjectives which follow a singular feminine noun.  No treiglad is applied for masculine singular or any plural nouns.
      Mae melin ddŵr ddiddorol ger y bont reilffordd fawr.
      There is an interesting water mill near the large railway bridge.
                melin (f);  pont (f);

This rule applies to both simple adjectives (e.g. 'interesting', 'large') and adjectival nouns used to describe another noun (e.g. 'water', 'railway').

In a small number of cases, an adjective is placed in front of the noun in Welsh.  A treiglad meddal is then applied to the noun, whether masculine or feminine:
         Prif fynedfa'r mwynglawdd yw'r hen dwnnel hwnnw.
         The main entrance to the mine is that old tunnel.
                     myneddfa (f);    twnnel  (m);

         Gallwch ddarllen yn uchel eich hoff gerdd o unrhyw lyfr.
         You can read out your favourite poem from any book. 
                     cerdd (f);    llyfr (m);

treiglad meddal is applied to adjectives after ‘gweddol’ (fairly), ‘lled’ (quite), 'hollol' (completely) and ‘rhy’ (too):
   Rwy'n weddol fodlon â'r cynllun ond mae'r amser a ganiateir yn lled fyr 
   I am fairly content with the plan but the time allowed is quite short.

   Mae'r adroddiad yn rhy gymhleth a dydy e ddim yn hollol gywir.
   The report is too complicated and it is not completely correct. 






treiglad meddal is applied after a number of prepositions:

am’ (at / for):         Aethon ni am dro i'r traeth.  
                              We went for a walk to the beach.             (tro)

ar’ (on):                Gwnaethon nhw gwrdd ar drên. 
                             They met on a train.                                  (trên)

at’ (to / at):           Dylai hi fynd at feddyg.
                             She should go to a doctor.                        (meddyg

'dros’ (over):         Mae niwl dros fynydd
                             There is mist over a mountain.                 (mynydd)  

trwy’ (through):    Mae'r llwybr yn mynd trwy goedwig.
                             The path goes through a wood.                (coedwig)

dan’ (under):        Roedd y cae dan ddŵr yn y llifogydd.
                             The field was under water in the flood.     (dŵr

'wrth’ (by):            Mae'r siop wrth lyfrgell.
                             The shop is by a library.                           (llyfrgell

o’ (from):              Teithiodd o Gaerdydd.
                             He travelled from Cardiff                          (Caerdydd)

i’ (to):                   Mae'r amser yn chwarter i bedwar.
                             The time is quarter to four.                         (pedwar)  

heb’ (without):     Peidiwch â mynd trwy'r dydd heb fwyd.
                             Don't go all day without food.                      (bwyd)

tan’ (until):           Gadewch y gwaith tan ddydd Llun. 
                             Leave the work until Monday.                      (dydd)

gan’ (by / from):   Mae'r llun gan fyfyriwr yn y coleg.
                             The picture is by a student in the college.   (myfyriwr

treiglad meddal is applied after the personal possessive pronouns ‘dy’ (‘your’) and ‘ei’ (‘his’):
                  Dy ddewis di yw prynu ei gar ai peidio.
                  It is your choice whether or not to buy his car.      (dewis, car)
            
                  Roedd ei fab yn siarad â dy frawd.
                  His son was speaking to your brother.                 (mab, brawd)

treiglad meddal is applied after adjectives and nouns following the linking word ‘yn’ (traethiadol).
            Cerddon ni o amgylch y ganolfan siopa yn gyflym.
            We walked around the shopping centre quickly.              (cyflym)   

            Mae bron pawb yn y teulu yn feddyg.
             Almost everyone in the family is a doctor.                      (meddyg)

However, a treiglad in not applied in the case of ‘ll’ and ‘rh’:          
          Mae hwn yn llyfrgell ac mae'n rhad ac am ddim i fenthyg llyfrau. 
          This is a library and it is free to borrow books.      

A treiglad is not applied to a verb noun following ‘yn’ (traethiadol):
          Roedd y plant yn dringo ac yn gweiddi yn y maes chwarae.
          The children were climbing and shouting in the playground.

treiglad meddal is applied after dyma ('here is...'), dyna ('there is..') and dacw ('over there is...') :
          Dyma westy a dacw fwyty.
          Here is a hotel and over there is a restaurant.        (gwesty, bwyty)

treiglad meddal is applied after the conjunction ‘neu’ (or):
         Ydy'n well gyda chi fyw mewn pentref neu dref?
         Do you prefer to live in a village or a town?                  (tref




Idioms

In this section we will consider some common verbs which make use of prepositions, such as edrych ar ('look at..').  We will examine the ways that these prepositions can indicate diferent persons, e.g. edrych arnyn nhw ('look at them').  There are obvious differences between the Welsh and English sentence patterns when making a translation.

Verbs using the preposition ar:
      edrych ar - to look at
      gwrando ar - to listen to

The preposition ar ('on') conjugates for different persons:
        arna i         on me            arnon ni         on us
        arnat ti       on you           arnoch chi     on you
        arno fe/o    on him           arnyn nhw     on them
        arni hi        on her
      
        Aethon ni i edrych arnyn nhw yn nofio yn y llyn.
              We went to look at them swimming in the lake.
       Rhaid inni wrando arno fe yn siarad yn y rhaglen radio.
              We must listen to him speaking in the radio programme.

Verbs using the preposition am:
      aros am - to wait for
      chwilio am - to search for
      edrych am - to look for 
      siarad am - to talk about
      poeni am - to worry about

The preposition am ('for') conjugates for different persons:
      amdanaf i         for me           amdanon ni         for us
      amdanat  ti       for you          amdanoch chi     for you
      amdano fe/o    for him           amdanyn nhw     for them
      amdani hi         for her

      Byddwn yn aros amdanoch chi wrth y safle bws.
           We will wait for you at the bus stop.
      Dylech chi chwilio amdanyn nhw yn y coed.
           You should search for them in the woods. 
      Byddaf yn edrych amdano yn y gegin.
           I will look for it in the kitchen.
      A wnaethoch chi siarad amdanyn nhw yn y cyfarfod?
           Did you talk about them at the meeting?
      Peidiwch â phoeni amdanaf i.
           Don't worry about me.

Verbs using the preposition â:
      siarad â  - to talk / speak to
      cwrdd â - to meet

'â' does not conjugate for different persons:
       Rhaid inni siarad â chi ar frys am y trefniadau.
               We must speak to you urgently about the arrangements.
       Roedd e eisiau cwrdd â ni yng nghanol y dref.
               He wanted to meet us in the town centre.





Verb using the preposition wrth:
       dweud wrth - to tell

The preposition wrth ('by') conjugates for different persons:
      wrtha i          by me           wrthon ni         by us
      wrthat  ti       by you          wrthoch chi     by you
      wrtho fe/o     by him          wrthyn nhw     by them
      wrthi hi         by her

      Bydd y coleg yn dweud wrthon ni beth sy'n digwydd ym mis Medi.
            The college will tell us what is happening in September.

Verbs using the preposition i:
      gweithio i - to work for
      gofyn i - to ask (someone)
       rhoi i - to give to

The preposition i ('to') partially conjugates for different persons:
      i mi            to me           i ni                 to us
      i ti              to you          i chi               to you
      iddo fe/o   to him          iddyn nhw     to them
      iddi hi        to her

      Byddai'n well gen i weithio i chi na gweithio iddyn nhw.
              I would rather work for you than work for them.
      Gofynnodd y cwsmer iddi hi ac yna gofynnodd i mi.
              The customer asked her and then asked me.
      Os ydych chi'n rhoi fo iddyn nhw, rhaid i chi roi fo i mi hefyd.
               If you give it to them, you must also give it to me.

Verbs using the preposition at:
       edrych ymlaen at - to look forward to
       cofio at - to remember to
       anfon at - to send to (a person)

The preposition at ('to') conjugates for different persons:
      ataf i         to me           aton ni         to us
      atat  ti       to you          atoch chi     to you
      ato fe/o     to him          atyn nhw     to them
      ati hi         to her
 
      Maen nhw'n edrych ymlaen atat ti'n cyrraedd adref.
             They are looking forward to you arriving home.
      Cofiwch fi atyn nhw pan welwch nhw yn y parti.
             Remember me to them when you see them at the party.
       Anfonais y ffurflenni atoch chi yr wythnos diwethaf.
             I sent the forms to you last week.




Llanberis


Llanberis is one of the most interesting towns in Wales, lying in a deep valley below the mountain of Snowdon.
Llanberis is located between two large lakes formed during the Ice Age, Llyn Padarn and Llyn Peris.
On a crag on the strip of land separating the lakes is the historic Dolbadarn castle.
Its sturdy round tower was once a vital part of the defences of the ancient kingdom of Gwynedd.
It was constructed by Llywelyn the Great in the early 13th century to guard the important route from Caernarfon.
The Llanberis Pass runs from Llanberis for 5 miles up the valley to Pen-y-Pass.
The Llanberis Pass provides spectacular mountain scenery and is famous for rock climbing.
Above the town of Llanberis are the workings of Dinorwig slate quarry.
Commercial quarrying began at Dinorwig in the early 19th century, and at one time employed 3,000 men.
Railways, worked by dozens of small steam locomotives, carried slate around the quarry and then to Porth Dinorwig harbour to load onto ships.
On the lake shore are the old workshops which maintained the machinery of the quarry.
When the quarry closed in 1969, the Chief Engineer managed to preserve much of the machinery in the workshops.
This is now a fascinating museum explaining the history and operation of the quarry.
The museum has one of the largest water wheels ever built by Victorian engineers.
Water was carried by iron pipes from the slopes of Snowdon to power the wheel and drive the machinery in the workshops.
Part of the railway which took the slate to the coast has been rebuilt, and now carries visitors along the lake shore.
The tiny locomotives used on the line have all worked at Dinorwig, where they once hauled slate wagons around the quarry.
The town of Llanberis is the starting point for a path to the summit of Snowdon, and is also the departure station for the Snowdon Mountain Railway.
Since 1896 the Snowdon Mountain Railway has been carrying visitors to the summit of the mountain.
More recently, a huge hydrolelectic power station has been built at Dinorwig.
This power station is built inside the mountain, including ten miles of tunnels carrying roads and huge water pipes.

Translate the sentence:

Llanberis is one of the most interesting towns in Wales, lying in a deep valley below the mountain of Snowdon.



Suggested translation: (a number of alternatives acceptable)













Story

The set of icons below was randomly selected, and has been used to write a story.

You are invited to translate the story into Welsh.



Vocabulary

immerse  trochi  verb;  visit ymweliad noun (m); 
forbid gwahardd  verb; maritime morwrol adjective; 
treasure hunt helfa drysor;   weave gwehyddu verb; 
 appropriate priodol adjective;   lambing ŵyna verb; 
shearing cneifio verb;   socialise cymdeithasu verb; 
 feeling ymdeimlad noun (m);




Susan has been learning Welsh at evening classes at her local college.
She enjoys learning the language, and decides to go on a residential course at a Welsh university during the summer.
The group she joins are all very friendly, living in the university hall of residence and speaking Welsh together at meal times.
The tutors want the students to be immersed in the language.
They arrange for the group to watch Welsh language films and television programmes in the evening.
During the course, the mornings were spent in language classes, speaking and writing Welsh.
The tutors arranged for the group to go on visits each afternoon where they would be able to join in conversations in Welsh.
They arranged for Welsh speaking friends to meet the group, and they were forbidden to change to English during conversations.
The first afternoon trip was to a maritime museum at a small port where sailing ships once transported slate around the world.
The tutors arranged for a local historian to describe the port, with narrow gauge trains of slate waggons pulled by small steam engines on the quayside.
Ships were built in yards alongside the estuary, using timber from the local oak woods.
The next afternoon, a treasure hunt was arranged around the town.
Teams were given the first question: "What is the price of a traditional Welsh blanket woven by hand?".
To answer this, they had to find the appropriate shop and ask in Welsh.
They then recieved the next question: "Where do you catch a boat to Ynys Enlli, and what time does the boat leave next Tuesday morning?".
This could be answered by asking staff at the tourist information centre.
The next question was "Why did quarrymen at Dinorwig slate quarry go on strike in 1825?".
The answer was to be found at the library, where the librarian would show the students a book explaining the reason for the strike.
The quarryment wanted to finish their work early on a Saturday afternoon, rather than working until late as they did on the other days during the week.
The next afternoon trip for the group was to a farm in the hills, where the farmer and his sons explained in Welsh how they work through the year.
They told the group about lambing, shearing, and feeding the sheep and cattle on the mountain.
They discussed the problems of bad weather, with snow and flooding on occasions.
They explained that there was not much time for farmers to socialise.
However, there was a strong feeling of community when they met other farmers at the market and agricultural shows.
By the end of the course, Susan and the other students had improved their Welsh.
They also had a much better idea of how people can successfuly live their daily lives through the medium of Welsh.

Translate the sentence:

Susan has been learning Welsh at evening classes at her local college.

Suggested translation: (a number of alternatives acceptable)










Create your own story in Welsh

Click the button to randomly select a set of story icons:








Use of Welsh

Petition to erect a statue


A campaign has been started to erect a statue in South Wales to honour Paul Robeson, the famous American singer who had strong connections with the coal mining communities of the South Wales Valleys. 

An African American, Robeson possessed one of the most beautiful voices of the 20th century. He was also an acclaimed stage actor. Robeson gained a law degree at university, and he was widely acknowledged as an exceptional American footballer.  However, racism in America in the early twentieth century made it difficult for him to pursue a career in these fields.

He came to London with his wife Essie to escape the racism of his homeland, and increasingly became a political activist.  He was gaining fame for his performances in London's West End, starring in musicals such as 'Show Boat'.  He was accepted in celebrity circles, but became disillusioned with the English establishment and the inequality of the class system, seeing an analogy between African Americans and workers in Britain.

He developed strong ties with the mining communities of South Wales, and in 1939 he starred in the film 'The Proud Valley' which was made around Pontypridd. In the film, Paul Robeson played a seaman who left his ship in Cardiff and travelled to a Welsh valley, seeking new employment.  After joining in when he hears a male voice choir singing, the choir leader welcomes him and gets a job for him in a local coal mine.  As the story unfolds, the hard and dangerous working conditions of the miners, and the poor treatment they receive from the mine owners, are demonstrated all too clearly.



Alongside is shown the request for people to sign the petition.
You are invited to translate this into Welsh so that it can be displayed bilingually.




Vocabulary

petition deiseb noun (f);  commemorative coffaol  adjective; 
march  gorymdeithio  verb;  black list  restr ddu;
general strike  streic gyffredinol;   hardship  caledi  noun (m); 
donation  rhodd  noun (f);   racial segregation  gwahanu hiliol;
confiscate  atafaelu  verb;   activism  actifiaeth  noun (f);
honour  anrhydeddu  verb;   unique  unigryw  adjective; 









Petition to erect a statue of Paul Robeson

Please sign this petition to install a commemorative statue of Paul Robeson in the South Wales Valleys. Paul Robeson was an African-American singer and actor who came to love  Wales and its mining communities. 

In the winter of 1929, Paul had been returning from a performance of 'Show Boat' in London when he heard the voices of a beautiful choir in the street. He stopped when they came into view, and realised that they were working men carrying protest banners and singing as they marched. By accident, he’d encountered a party of Welsh miners from the Rhondda valley. Blacklisted by their employers after the general strike, they had walked all the way to London searching for ways to feed their families. 

Robeson’s fame and wealth were sufficient to protect him from economic hardship, but without hesitation he joined the march. He made a large donation so that the miners could travel back to Wales by train with clothing and food for their families.

He began to support Welsh miners with proceeds from his concerts and toured Wales to raise funds for them. He learned some Welsh in order to sing to miners in their own language.

In 1934, he had been performing in Caernarfon when news arrived of a disaster in the Gresford colliery. There was a huge fire in the mine, and 266 men died underground. At once, Robeson offered his fees from the Caernarfon concert to the fund for the families of the dead miners. This was both an important donation and a significant political gesture.

Whilst he was subject to racial segregation in the United States, he described the reception he received in Wales as warm beyond belief. He said that Welsh mining communities had shaped his life. Paul Robeson starred in 'The Proud Valley', the film that he most valued and considered his most important work.

He returned to America, but was invited back to perform for the Welsh Miners' Eisteddfod in 1957. By this time,  the United States Government had confiscated his passport due to his political activism.

Paul Robeson has a unique and special place in Welsh history, and should be honoured. Please support our call for a statue of Paul to be erected in one of the former coal mining communities that he visited in South Wales.

Translate the sentence:

Please sign this petition to install a commemorative statue of Paul Robeson in the South Wales Valleys.

Suggested translation: (a number of alternatives acceptable)








Description


Write four or five sentences in Welsh to describe the picture:







Understanding Welsh

Read the article, then write sentences in Welsh to answer the following questions:

What types of boat use the Menai for work rather than pleasure?


What types of pleasure craft use the Menai in the summer?


In what ways can private users of pleasure craft cause a danger to other boats?


What accidents have occurred recently in North Wales involving jet skis?


What action is Anglesey County Council taking with regard to safety on the Menai?


What action is being taken by the Member of Parliament for Arfon?




Dangerous watersport in the Menai Straits

Mae Cyngor Ynys Môn wedi comisiynu adolygiad o “weithgareddau morwrol” ar yr Afon Menai er mwyn cael “gwell rheolaeth” ohoni.

Ar ochr arall y Fenai yn Arfon mae’r Aelod Seneddol yn pwyso ar Lywodraeth San Steffan i reoleiddio’r defnydd o jet-sgis.

Un sy’n ennill ei fara menyn gyda chwch yn ffermio cerrig gleision ar y Fenai yw Aled, ac mae yn dweud ei fod “yn un o gymuned” o bobol sy’n defnyddio’r afon i wneud bywoliaeth.

Ond pan mae’r tywydd yn cynhesu mae’r Fenai yn gallu bod yn le prysur a pheryglus, meddai.

“Yn ystod y gaeaf mae llong ymchwil y Prince Madog yn mynd i fyny ac i lawr y culfor ac un neu ddwy arall. Ond yn y gwanwyn a’r haf mae pobol yn dechrau defnyddio’r Fenai ar gyfer gweithgareddau hamdden, ac mae hi’n prysuro’n sylweddol,” eglura.

“Mae’r rib rides [cychod rwber cyflym] yn dechrau ac ar yr adegau yna o’r flwyddyn rydan ni wastad yn fwy gwyliadwrus. Dydi pobol sy’n lansio eu jet-sgis eu hunain a’u ribs eu hunain ddim mewn tiwn efo pobol eraill, maen nhw jyst yn meddwl amdanyn nhw eu hunain ar hyd yr adeg. Ac mae hi’n anodd proffwydo beth fyddan nhw’n ei wneud nesaf.”

Yn y gorffennol mae Aled wedi cael problemau gyda chychod rwber a jet-sgis pan mae o allan ar y Fenai yn cynaeafu ei gerrig gleision.

“Maen nhw’n dod yn agos iawn at fwa’r llong neu’n sgiwio rownd y cefn mewn llefydd fedrwn ni ddim eu gweld nhw, a tasa nhw’n disgyn does yna ddim byd fyswn ni’n gallu ei wneud. Maen nhw’n gweld y cwch fel rhyw fath o floating target iddyn nhw gael hwyl o’i chwmpas hi. Ond allan yna’n gweithio ydan ni.”

Yn absenoldeb unrhyw ddeddfwriaeth fyddai’n rheoleiddio’r defnydd o jet-sgis a chychod cyflym, yr unig ateb yw addysgu pobol.

“Mae hynny’n un ffordd o sicrhau fod pobol sy’n lansio jet-sgi neu gwch rwber cyflym yn ymwybodol bod yna bobol eraill o gwmpas. A’u bod yn deall rheolau mordwyo sylfaenol – gallwch chi brynu jet-sgi am £30,000 a mynd yn syth allan ar y môr. Felly hefyd efo’r ribs yma – dim ond yr arian i’w prynu’r ydach chi angen.”

Ac yn nhyb y morwr mae hynny “ychydig bach yn wallgof”.

“Mae o fel dweud does dim rhaid i chi gael trwydded i yrru car ar hyd y ffordd fawr. Ond dyw hynny ddim yn dderbyniol mewn cymdeithas a dw i ddim yn deall pam fod pobol yn edrych ar y môr mewn ffordd wahanol.”

Fe ddywedodd swyddog Cyngor Ynys Môn bod cynnydd yn y defnydd o’r Afon Menai.

“Mae yna nifer yn mynd yna o ran pleser a hefyd mae yna gynnydd yn y busnesau sy’n rhedeg cychod pleser, rib rides, padlfyrddio, canŵio, mordeithiau a’r jet-sgis wrth gwrs.”

Bydd adolygiad y cyngor, meddai, yn edrych ar “y tueddiadau” sy’n amlygu er mwyn gweld “be fedrwn ni wneud yn y dyfodol mewn cydweithrediad gyda phawb”.

Mae pwysigrwydd ecolegol i’r Fenai yn ogystal. “Bydd ystyriaeth i’r fioamrywiaeth, y mamaliaid ac amgylchedd Ynys Môn.”

Bydd gwaith yr adolygiad yn canolbwyntio yn bennaf ar yr ardal rhwng Pont Menai ac Ynys Seiriol.

“Oes, mae yna heriau gyda’r jet-sgis ac ati,” meddai.

Y damweiniau angheuol mwyaf diweddar yng Ngwynedd ac Ynys Môn yn deillio o’r defnydd o jet-sgis oedd ym mis Awst 2020.

Bu farw dynes o Loegr pan gafodd ei tharo gan jet-sgi tra’r oedd hi’n eistedd ar ochr cwch cyflym ynghanol y Fenai. Mewn digwyddiad arall, bu farw dyn lleol ym Mhwllheli mewn damwain jet-sgïo.

Ym mis Chwefror eleni fe gyflwynodd Aelod Seneddol Arfon – yr etholaeth ar yr ochr arall i’r Afon Menai o Ynys Môn – fesur preifat yn San Steffan i reoleiddio’r defnydd o jet-sgis.

Dywedodd “Mae deddfwriaeth gadarn mewn lle ar draws llawer o wledydd Ewropeaidd i reoleiddio’r defnydd o feiciau dŵr.”

Bwriad ei Fesur, eglura, “yw dod â system drwyddedu i mewn ledled y Deyrnas Unedig fel bod angen trwydded ar yrwyr beiciau dŵr … Ar hyn o bryd, mae’n bosib i unrhyw un, hyd yn oed plentyn 12 oed, yrru beic dŵr.”



 
 

Story board


A story is outlined below as a series of numbered notes and pictures. You are invited to write the story in Welsh so that it could be displayed as an on-line blog or news item. If necessary, please feel free to add any additional details to develop the story.

Religious buildings in Wales

1

Some of the oldest religious buildings in Wales date back to the time of early Christian missionaries. St Govan's Chapel is built into a limestone sea cliff in Pembrokeshire. Steps lead down the cliff to the chapel. Saint Govan was a monk who lived in the building in the sixth century.

2

Perhaps the greatest of the Welsh cathedrals is St Davids. A monastery was built on the site by Saint David in the sixth century. William the Conqueror made a pilgrimage to St Davids. The present cathedral building was begun in the twelfth century, but was largely destroyed by Oliver Cromwell's army during the Civil War. The cathedral was restored during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

3

Many monasteries have existed in Wales. Monks first came to Caldey Island off the coast of Pembrokeshire in the sixth century. Over the centuries the community was attacked by Vikings, and later by Oliver Cromwell's army. The present abbey building dates from 1906, with the monks re-establishing the Cistercian tradition in Wales.

4

The Welsh Methodist revival of the 18th century was an extremely important event in the modern history of Wales. This began in rural areas and small market towns, but soon spread to the larger industrial towns which developed during Victorian times. Chapel buildings became increasingly grand, and were often designed by well known architects.

5

Outside of the towns, industrial communities built their own more modest chapels. One of the most remote is the chapel which served the workers in the Rhosydd and Cwmorthin slate quarries near Blaenau Ffestiniog.

6

In some communities, even simpler chapels were built from corrugated iron. This building in Ganllwyd near Dolgellau served the village, including workers at the nearby gold mines. It has been restored and is now the village hall.

7

Wales has been home to people of many religious faiths. The Merthyr Tydfil Jewish Synagogue was built in the 1890's at a time when the industrial town was growing rapidly and had a strong Jewish community. This important historic building is currently being restored and will be opened as a museum.

8

One of the most interesting religious buildings is the Norwegian Church at Cardiff Bay. This was built in the 1860's to serve Scandinavian sailors from ships using Cardiff docks. It went on to provide a meeting point for the Norwegian community that settled in Cardiff, particularly for Norwegian sailors during the Second World War who could not return home due to the German occupation. The building has been restored and is now a café and arts centre.











Enter each section of your story in Welsh in the boxes below:






1
















2
















3
















4
















5
















6
















7
















8